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Saturday, March 7, 2009

Alloys of bismuth

Alloys of bismuth: - Bismuth is a chemical element that has the symbol Bi and atomic number 83. This heavy, brittle, white crystalline trivalent poor metal has a pink tinge and chemically resembles arsenic and antimony. Of all the metals, it is the most naturally diamagnetic, and only mercury has a lower thermal conductivity. It is generally considered to be the last naturally occurring stable, non-radioactive element on the periodic table, although it is actually slightly radioactive, with an extremely long half-life.
Bismuth compounds are used in cosmetics, medicines, and in medical procedures. As the toxicity of lead has become more apparent in recent years, alloy uses for bismuth metal as a replacement for lead have become an increasing part of bismuth's commercial importance.

Precautions: - Bismuth is not known to be toxic, compared to its periodic table neighbours (lead, antimony, and polonium), although some compounds (including bismuth chloride due to its corrosive acidity) are toxic and should be handled with care. As with lead, overexposure to bismuth can result in the formation of a black deposit on the gingiva, known as a bismuth line.
Fine bismuth powder can be pyrophoric.

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